Marathon
A long-distance race rooted in ancient legend and revived for the modern Olympics.
26.22 mi), usually run on roads but also on trails.
Lore & Background
The earliest account appears in Plutarch's first-century AD work, citing Heraclides Ponticus, with the runner named as Thersipus of Erchius or Eucles. Satirist Lucian of Samosata gave a version similar to the modern story, but its historical accuracy is disputed. The Greek historian Herodotus mentions a messenger named Philippides running from Athens to Sparta and back, but not from Marathon to Athens.
Reader's Guide
The marathon's significance lies in its revival as a centerpiece of the modern Olympic Games, inspired by Michel Bréal and supported by Pierre de Coubertin. The marathon remains the only running road race in both the Olympics and World Athletics Championships, and its men's race often concludes the athletics program, with medals awarded at the closing ceremony. The Kalenjin ethnic group of Kenya has produced a disproportionate share of winners.
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